在前几个月 pip 突然是没办法正常使用了，例如我们安装一个库会出现如下报错:
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error: externally-managed-environment
× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
install.
If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package,
create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make
sure you have python3-full installed.
If you wish to install a non-Debian packaged Python application,
it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.
See /usr/share/doc/python3.11/README.venv for more information.
note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.
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因为 pip 安装软件本身是比较不安全的，所以直接限制了（，不过我们还是有办法修改配置跳过这个限制的。
注：直接使用 pip 安装库是不安全的，推荐使用包管理安装！！！
在 ~/.config/pip/pip.conf中写入:
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[global]
break-system-packages = true
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然后即可使用 pip